- Garden: A Garden is a piece of land where we chose to grow different kinds of plants. Usually we call a garden the plot of a private property.
Basically a garden mimics nature, as it transfers the natural environment in an urban area. There can also be a distinction between a garden that grows vegetables (vegetable garden) and a garden that grows flowers (flower field).
A vegetable garden can be part of a bigger garden with flowers and trees and it can also include additional elements such as rock formations, fountains, streams, sitting arrangements, wooden paneling etc. - Terrace garden: This a terrace that can support in a permanent manner the presence of living plants whether these plants are herbaceous, succulents or bushes, or even trees or vegetables which can cover a substantial amount of the terrace’s surface. Other definitions that have been given to describe a terrace garden is: “a building which has a partial or complete covered terrace in plants”.
- Bio-garden: This definition refers to a garden made with no addition of fertilizers and pesticides. Fertilization of the plants can be achieved with organic fertilizers such as compost. Pest and bug handling can also be made with the use of natural materials which are hypoallergenic and completely safe for humans as well as pets.
- Composting: Biological, aerobic, thermophilic and controlled process of partial decomposition of organic waste that leads to the production of compost, meaning, organic compost that appears like the soil’s humus and boosts plants’ growth.
A variety of organic waste can, if properly processed, be made into a rich mold, the compost which in turn can be have numerous applications in agriculture, parks, redevelopment and reforestation of ailing areas (abandoned quarries, street slopes etrc). Composting mimics and accelerates the disintegration processes of organic substances which in nature happen arbitrarily. - Vertical garden: By “vertical garden” we mean placement on the vertical surfaces of buildings, either indoors or outdoors of buildings. This is achieved by specialized systems and specific varieties of plants that adhere vertically to them. An automatic irrigation and watering system is applied to smooth plant growth and water saving.
In addition to the benefits of a green space in a city, such as absorption of pollutants, for example oxygen production and temperature reduction, a vertical garden also contributes to the energy performance of the building. It acts as an insulation and sound insulation material. Research by the Agricultural University of Athens showed that in rooms adjoining planting the temperature drops 5-6ºC during the summer months. In addition, vertical gardens transform the hard and monotonous surface of cement into a vital green surface that alternates with the seasons. This alternation of the seasons on green surfaces brings human close to nature.
This type of garden is one of the most innovative and popular trends in the field of landscape architecture worldwide.